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is forcing one man into making a difficult decision.
His name is Ouseman, and he's a master mason in Djenne,
an ancient city made entirely of river mud.
His job is to maintain the city's mosque,
the biggest and oldest mud building in the world.
It's the heart of Ouseman's culture.
Ouseman's problem is this - every year the mosque needs
a fresh coat of mud to protect it before the rains arrive.
Down in the dry river bed, the mud is blended with rice husks,
and then left to ferment.
But this year, the mix hasn't reached the right consistency,
and now the rains are almost upon him.
Dust storms are blowing in,
the first signs that the wet season is about to begin.
The sacred building desperately needs a new storm-proof skin.
Two days later, Ouseman and his friend Ibrahim return to the river.
(THEY CHAT)
It's a big decision.
Word spreads fast, and everyone comes down to help.
Everyone in Djenne has been waiting all year for this special day.
The built-in palm logs are perches for the plasterers.
The whole town mucks in to protect the mosque for another year.
There's been a mud mosque in Djenne for 700 years...
...the sacred heart of a city fashioned from river mud.
(CHEERING)
Our relationship with rivers is never easy.
Their waters can give us so much
but can also take everything away.
We will always be at the mercy of their wild and unpredictable nature.
But one culture has found an inspiring way of mastering their savage rivers.
In northeast India, a giant cliff leads up into a hidden world...
...Meghalaya.
Nearly two kilometres high and buffeted by monsoon storm clouds,
this is possibly the wettest place on Earth.
Once, 25 metres of rain fell here in a year, the world record.
Living here poses an unusual problem,
and it's not just keeping dry.
Nearly all the rain falls during the summer monsoon.
Rivers switch from gentle streams to raging torrents.
They become wild and unpredictable and almost impossible to cross.
Harley and his niece Juliana are busy cultivating a cunning solution.
30 years ago, Harley planted this strangler fig
on the river's edge, and today, he's teaching Juliana how to care for it.
The fig's tangled roots help to prevent the bank being washed away.
He teaches Juliana to coax the roots across what is now just a stream.
When they reach the other side, they'll take hold there.
This is the basis of a structure that will survive any deluge.
A living bridge.
It's an epic project that no man can complete in one lifetime,
so Harley is passing on his knowledge to Juliana.
Each year,Juliana will need to tend the roots, making them stronger.
If she stays and completes her bridge,
it will become part of the commuter route here,
a network of dozens of living bridges that connect the valleys of Meghalaya.
Some of them are many centuries old.
There are even double-deckers.
With Juliana to look after it, the future of this young bridge looks secure...
...sustainable, living architecture
that will live and grow for generations...
...one of the very few examples in the world
where humans have come up with a successful and natural solution,
a way of working with nature
to overcome the problems a wild river can cause.
For the Human Planet Rivers team, filming on the Mekong river
at the height of the monsoon raised many challenges.
Mainly, how do you capture a remarkable event without losing your camera,
your crew or your star fisherman, Sam Niang, to the river?
The Khone Falls have more water flowing over them
than any other waterfall in the world.
A narrowing of the mighty Mekong river funnels the migrating fish
and provides a dangerous, if lucrative, opportunity.
The crew's here to capture the extreme lengths
that locals will go to catch fish.
Sam Niang is lucky. He has access to his own small island for fishing.
But to get to his prime spot, he must risk life and limb.
To capture the spectacle of Sam Niang's high-wire feat,
the crew have chosen a gadget that runs on wires
and that controls the camera electronically, known as a cable dolly.
And the idea is, it's one of our most exciting and sought-after shots,
so we can follow someone walking across the tightrope,
so the camera moves with them and then pulls out to reveal the angry water.
But rigging such a hi-tech system over a raging torrent
is no easy feat, and it requires a specialist rigger.
We're just trying to get the cable across for the dolly,
so the local guy's just shimmied across the wires, as he does every day.
Whilst Tim works on the cables, the rest of the team
concentrate on filming the rapids from every other angle,
even shooting in the rapids themselves.
I'll just go here. It won't be a long run. It'll take two or three minutes.
Mick O'Shea was the first man ever
to navigate the entire Mekong, from Tibet to southern China -
just the man to capture a fish-eye view.
But even he succumbs to the full force of the Mekong in surge.
His kayak is sucked under by the powerful current and swept downstream.
After a few worrying minutes, Mick re-appears, back in control,
safe but shaken.
With new-found respect for the Mekong's power, the crew stick to solid ground.
Using a four-metre jib, they follow Sam Niang
as he negotiates a treacherous rocky outcrop to cast his net.
...Over and down, OK? And on... Good.
By now, Tim has the rigging ready for the dolly.
Do you want this up there?
There's a massive cloud come over.
(THUNDER RUMBLES)
But no sooner than it's in place, the heavens open.
It's the last thing they need.
Dolly filming stops for technical and safety reasons.
There's just a little spot of rain. I think rain's stopping play!
- Cos electronics survive the rain well(!) - Yeah.
(THUNDER CRASHES)
The next morning, it's clear that, as feared,
water has got into the electronics.
So what's gone wrong with it now?
So the new, modern technology is ousted by the old-school way.
I'm going to go up there now and, um, put the camera on!
Oh, my... Whoa! OK.
The crew finally get the cable dolly working, so now it's time to get creative.
The light, the dolly, the safety team and, most importantly, Sam Niang,
all have to work in unison.
Go!
We turned it the wrong way.
OK, Tim.
No.
Nearly, nearly.
Bring it all back, yes.
Go.
No. Still no!
Sam Niang looks really happy, though, doesn't he?
My heart's in my mouth every time he has to go over that rope.
You look really happy, and I'm really worried!
The sun breaks through the clouds, and finally it all comes together.
Yay, we've got a keeper!
That's great!
Thanks very much, you.
Yeah!
What a relief.
Despite the odds, the Human Planet team have triumphed.